Heinrich Lenz
1804–1865, Dorpat (Tartu), Estonia, Rome, Italy
Electricity and magnetism
Baltic-German physicist working in Russia who formulated the rule for the direction of induced current, complementing Faraday's discovery.
Lenz worked at Saint Petersburg University, independently studying electromagnetic induction after Faraday. In 1834 he stated the rule bearing his name: the induced current always flows in the direction such that the magnetic field it creates opposes the flux change that produced it — a direct consequence of energy conservation.
Workplaces: Saint Petersburg University
Russia, Estonia